Purpose of Indian Forest Act 1927
The primary objective of enacting the Indian Forest Act in the in the colonial period- in 1878 and 1927 was to better manage the timber resources for commercial purpose and revenue generation. The Act gave the Government and Forest Department the power to create Reserved Forests, protected forests and Village forest and the right to use such Reserved Forests was only limited to the State. It attempted to consolidate areas with forest cover and significant wildlife to regulate movement and transit of forest produce, and levied duties on timber and other forest produce. The traditional rights of millions for people were overlooked.
The forest dwelling communities were exploited for generations and the characteristics of the natural forests largely transformed to monocultures or commercial species. The comprehensive ecological aspects of forests did not find any space in the Indian Forest Act.
Mover ever, when Parliament of India, enacted the Forest Rights Act,2006 to correct the historical injustice, the preamble of the Act for the first time defined the dual purpose as “ maintenance of ecological balance and thereby strengthening the conservation regime of the forests while ensuring livelihood and food security of the forest dwelling Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest dwellers”.
What the Amendment to IFA 1927 proposes
While the preamble of IFA, 1927, said the Act was focused on laws related to transport of forest produce and the tax on it, the amendment has increased the focus to “conservation, enrichment and sustainable management of forest resources and matters connected therewith to safeguard ecological stability to ensure provision of ecosystem services in perpetuity and to address the concerns related to climate change and international commitments”.
The new proposed amendments to IFA, 1927 has completely ignored these aspects and no attempts have been made to incorporate these provisions to strengthen the decentralized community centred forest governance
There are various aspects of the Proposed Amendment that are regressive in nature and defeats the purpose of conservation and livelihood. The major problem areas of the Act are as follows
Implications of the proposed Amendments to IFA 1927
[i] Reference
Read more on recommendations on proposed amendments to the Indian Forest Act 1927.
General FAQs
The Forest Rights Act aims to ensure that forest dwelling communities – Scheduled Tribes, Adivasis, and other groups have legal rights over their forest land and do not lose their land to large corporations.
The main objective of the Forest Right Act is to protect the rights of marginalised forest dwelling communities and rectify the historic injustice done to them. The Act provides them legal right over their forest land, the right to cultivate and rehabilitate evicted communities. The Forest Rights Act not only protects the rights of forest dwelling communities but is also critical to the survival of our forests.
The primary objective of enacting the Indian Forest Act in the in the colonial period- in 1878 and 1927 was to better manage the timber resources for commercial purpose and revenue generation. The Act gave the Government and Forest Department the power to create Reserved Forests, protected forests and Village forest and the right to use such Reserved Forests was only limited to the State. It attempted to consolidate areas with forest cover and significant wildlife to regulate movement and transit of forest produce, and levied duties on timber and other forest produce. The traditional rights of millions for people were overlooked.
The Indian Forest Act 1878, enacted during the colonial people, divided the forests into reserved forests (controlled by the government), protected forests (partly controlled by the government), and village forests (controlled by the villages). However, most of the forests came under government control and thus overlooked the rights of millions of forest dwelling communities.
Source: http://www.environmentandsociety.org/tools/keywords/indian-forest-act
The colonial, British era Forest Rights Act of 1927 left millions of forest dwelling communities insecure leading to evictions and marginalising them even after independence. The communities not just called the forest their home but also protected them. In 2006 the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, was enacted to protect the marginalised forest dwelling communities and provide them land titles to those residing in forests and rehabilitation to those evicted earlier.
The National Forest Policy 1998 aims to ensure environmental stability and maintain ecological balance, including atmospheric equilibrium which are vital for sustenance of all forms of life, humans, animals, and plants. The main objectives of the policy are to preserve the forests, check soil erosion, extension of sand-dunes, increase forest cover and forest productivity, meet fuel, fodder, and minor forest produce requirement of the tribal population, and efficient utilization of forest produce.
Source: https://pib.gov.in/newsite/erelcontent.aspx?relid=57051
We work towards fair sharing of natural resources and ensuring better livelihoods for forest-dependent communities
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